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A form of disenfranchisement in which potential voters need to demonstrate the ability to read as a condition for registering to vote.
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A legal principle that allowed states to segregate the races in public facilities, as long as the state provided each race with basic access to the public facility in question.
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An executive order issued by President Barack Obama that halted the deportation of Dreamers and allowed them to work legally in the United States.
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Corrective policies that attempt to help racial and ethnic minorities (as well as women) achieve equality in education and the workforce by providing them with advantages in college admission, hiring, promotion, and the awarding of contracts.
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An ethnic category describing people of Spanish or Portuguese colonial ancestry from the Caribbean, North America, Central America, and South America.
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A proposal to compensate African Americans for the history of slavery and discrimination
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Portions of land set aside for American Indians removed from their ancestral lands by the federal government.
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Nineteenth-century political activists who sought to end slavery.
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A specific provision in the Fourteenth Amendment that prevents states from passing laws that treat people differently on account of race or ethnicity.
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A government denying a group the right to vote.
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The Southern practice of racially segregating all public facilities, such as transportation, schools, libraries, hotels, hospitals, theaters, parks, and cemeteries.
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An executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War that freed the slaves in the Confederacy.
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