Introduction to International Development, Practice Quiz: Chapter 23

. Nationalism is ________.

a) irrelevant in an era of globalization

b) a cultural ideology that seeks to paper over the inequities generated by the development process

c) a major focus of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

d) a facilitator of the advancement of human rights

e) linked to cosmopolitan theories of ethical obligations

. The Hindu fundamentalists in India are an example of the clash of ________ and ________.

a) upper castes / lower castes

b) Hindus / Muslims

c) tradition / modernity

d) rich / poor

e) rural / urban

. Culture is seen as a homogeneous and essentialist whole, without fissures and ________.

a) conflicts

b) modernity

c) tradition

d) problems

e) hostility

. The following statements is true of postmodern views on culture and development: _______.

a) They are critical of cultural relativism

b) They are universalist

c) They view culture as the foundation of development

d) They are prone to slip into cultural relativism

e) None of the above

. Max Weber's theory of the ________ identified specific cultural traits that were argued to be key to successful (Western) capitalist development.

a) "civilized man"

b) "Protestant ethic"

c) "Catholic ethic"

d) "white man's burden"

e) "Occidentalism"

. Non-Western traditional societies are characterized by ________.

a) the Enlightment

b) modernization theory

c) dependency theory

d) episteme

e) techne

. In his influential book ________, Edward Said deconstructed common assumptions about the East.

a) "Occidentalism"

b) "Orientalism"

c) "The Bhagavad Gita"

d) "Representations of the Intellectual"

e) "The Grundrisse"

. ________ argued that cultural struggle is not a one-sided process in which the ruling or dominant culture simply overruns or decimates the subordinate culture.

a) Antonio Gramsci

b) Edward Said

c) James Scott

d) Jonathan Crush

e) Max Weber

. According to James Scott, subordinate and powerless groups that may lack the material means to challenge dominant groups, nonetheless engage in ________.

a) culture wars

b) futile gestures

c) symbolic resistance

d) moral appeals

e) economic sabotage

. In post-colonial theory, there is an obsessive focus on the colonial past and _______.

a) Western values

b) the Third World

c) the South

d) Eurocentrism

e) the East

. One of the scholars who misunderstood culture is ________.

a) Manuel Castells

b) Samuel Huntington

c) Edward Said

d) Stuart Hall

e) Arturo Escobar

. Culture can be seen as ________.

a) a state or process of human perfection, in terms of certain absolute or universal values

b) complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society

c) a description of particular way of life, which expresses certain meanings and values not only in art and learning but also in institutions and ordinary behavior

d) both A and C

e) all of the above

. ________ asks how is it possible to study mass-mediated cultural forms without understanding the broadcasting institutions that produced them.

a) Garnham

b) The idealist view

c) Post-colonialism of Said

d) Post-development of Escobar

e) Max Weber

. ________ assume(s) that hunter-gatherers are poor.

a) Post-modernists

b) Post-colonialists

c) Cultural materialists

d) Idealists

e) Marshall Sahlins

. Claims of cultural homogeneity and distinctness, for instance, are routinely made in relation to ________.

a) nationalism

b) nationalism

c) relativism

d) all of the above

e) none of the above

. The "Asian values" thesis is an example of elites using cultural propaganda to obtain legitimacy.

a) True

b) False

. It is not possible to achieve social justice without some appeal to universalism.

a) True

b) False

. Modernization theory argues that "traditional" cultural forms are obstacles to economic development.

a) True

b) False

. Culture and development are different categories. They cannot be interlinked.

a) True

b) False

. Culture is as marked by relations of power as any other sphere in society and is continuously changing according to the nature of contestation and struggle.

a) True

b) False

. Classic texts such as Edward Said's Orientalism deconstructed many commonplace assumptions about the Orient.

a) True

b) False

. According to Amartya Sen, culture is only an end of development, not a means to it.

a) True

b) False

. Since the Enlightenment in eighteenth-century Europe, Western thought has been dominated by an outlook that placed its faith in human reason instead of in an extraneous supernatural authority

a) True

b) False

. Max Weber's theory of the Catholic ethic argues that specific traits of Catholics (like discipline and hard work) played a major role in the origin of capitalism.

a) True

b) False

. The value system central to capitalist modernization is the "culture ideology of consumerism."

a) True

b) False

. The materialist view of cultures asserts the primacy of culture over material factors in social change.

a) True

b) False

. Modern science and technology could not have originated unless the belief in the sacredness of nature had been substantially altered.

a) True

b) False

. The practice of cultural forms and the enjoyment of symbolic objects are activities devoid of ideology.

a) True

b) False

. Cultural relativism asserts that cultural practices are not necessarily right or wrong.

a) True

b) False

. A major flaw in the postmodern theoretical framework is the nearly total absence in it of an analysis of material relationships.

a) True

b) False

Introduction to International Development, Practice Quiz: Chapter 23

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