* not completed

. For Joseph Schumpeter, the function of the entrepreneur was to ________.

a) privately own correct incorrect

b) make profit correct incorrect

c) innovate correct incorrect

d) drive capitalism correct incorrect

e) benefit shareholders correct incorrect

* not completed

. ________ is NOT an example of a "private sector."

a) A plumber correct incorrect

b) A web designer correct incorrect

c) A small shop owner with two employees correct incorrect

d) A charity supporting homeless people correct incorrect

e) A coffee seller correct incorrect

* not completed

. ________ refer to individuals and enterprises that do business without being officially registered or regulated.

a) Informal economies correct incorrect

b) Micro-financed enterprises correct incorrect

c) Clandestine economies correct incorrect

d) Industrial capitalists correct incorrect

e) Multinational enterprises correct incorrect

* not completed

. ________ was the first to theorize about entrepreneurship.

a) Hernan de Soto correct incorrect

b) John Dunning correct incorrect

c) Karl Marx correct incorrect

d) Max Weber correct incorrect

e) Joseph Schumpeter correct incorrect

* not completed

. According to Robert Gilpin, the era of multinationals corresponds with the era of ________.

a) East Asian development correct incorrect

b) increased civic engagement correct incorrect

c) international development correct incorrect

d) the Cold War correct incorrect

e) American hegemony correct incorrect

* not completed

. The international business perspective views multinationals as ________.

a) differentiated actors with diverse strategies correct incorrect

b) a means of spreading capitalist ideals globally correct incorrect

c) homogeneous actors correct incorrect

d) differentiated actors with essentially homogenous strategies correct incorrect

e) representatives of the global capitalist system correct incorrect

* not completed

. The OLI paradigm is also referred to as the ________ paradigm.

a) heterogeneous correct incorrect

b) homogeneous correct incorrect

c) eclectic correct incorrect

d) extensive correct incorrect

e) eccentric correct incorrect

* not completed

. Global value chain theory emerged in the early ________.

a) 1990s correct incorrect

b) 1900s correct incorrect

c) 1800s correct incorrect

d)1890s correct incorrect

e)1960s correct incorrect

* not completed

. Export processing zones (EPZs) ________.

a) are heavily taxed correct incorrect

b) are designated manufacturing-for-import areas correct incorrect

c) do not permit unionization of the labour force correct incorrect

d) are heavily dominated by male workers correct incorrect

e) offer desirable working conditions in developing countries correct incorrect

* not completed

. In the international division of labour (IDL), ________.

a) markets often break down and experience crises correct incorrect

b) high-value manufacturing remains in the core countries correct incorrect

c) commodify and resource extraction are conducted in the core countries correct incorrect

d) developing countries are sheltered from the global market correct incorrect

e) all of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. Approximately ________ multinational corporations currently exist.

a) 6,000 correct incorrect

b) 18,000 correct incorrect

c) 77,000 correct incorrect

d) 82,000 correct incorrect

e) 97,000 correct incorrect

* not completed

. The ability of a firm to upgrade depends on all of the following except for ________.

a) relative bargaining power correct incorrect

b) its prior capabilities correct incorrect

c) its patterns of learning correct incorrect

d) an open governance structure correct incorrect

e) a governance structure akin to a market correct incorrect

* not completed

. A ________ strategy involves multinational corporations buying up assets of other corporations as part of a global strategy to improve their competitiveness.

a) market-seeking correct incorrect

b) cost-reducing correct incorrect

c) resource-seeking correct incorrect

d) strategic asset-seeking correct incorrect

e) labour-intensive correct incorrect

* not completed

. The partnership ideal is best expressed in the concept of ________ developed by Harvard Business School professors Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer.

a) shared stakeholders correct incorrect

b) shared value correct incorrect

c) relative value correct incorrect

d) chain value correct incorrect

e) cost value correct incorrect

* not completed

. The private sector is one of the most generous and benign actors in international development.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. In many developing economies, small firms are more likely to be foreign.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Micro-finance is popular to due to it being immune from problems.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Foreign direct investment is more stable than portfolio investment.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Most developing countries have entered into bilateral investment treaties.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Foreign direct investment is also known as "hot capital flow."

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. According to the OLI paradigm, the multinational corporation is distinguished by ownership, location-specific, and internalization advantages.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Regulatory chill refers to the period in which regulations become well-accepted or solidified.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Authors in the Marxist-inspired or critical tradition have tended to view multinational corporations as representatives of the global capitalist system and therefore as having a negative impact on the developing countries in which they invest.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The first bilateral investment treaty was signed between Germany and Pakistan in 1959.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Export processing zone (EPZ) jobs involve low wages, long hours, and poor working conditions.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Private foundations are no longer as important as they once were in international development.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations further limited the rights of foreign investors.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Most multinationals have developed their own codes of conduct, but have not adhered to global codes promoted by international organizations.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Investing in working with partners is not just a charitable act, but is good for the competitiveness and profitability of all.

a) True correct incorrect

b) False correct incorrect