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Return to Energy Systems and Sustainability 3e Student Resources
Chapter 10 Multiple choice questions
Quiz Content
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Different types of nuclear radiation are described in Section 10.3. What is a beta particle?
Very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation
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A helium nucleus
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A high velocity electron
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Section 10.3 also describes radioactive decay. Iodine 131 has a half-life of 8 days, i.e. the activity from a particular sample falls by a half in that number of days. How many days from the start will it take to reach 1/8th of its original activity?
16 days
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24 days
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32 days
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Section 10.4 describes nuclear fission. When uranium 235 absorbs a fast neutron, it splits into two smaller atoms, fission products, such as krypton 89 and barium 144 and some surplus neutrons. Why are these neutrons so important?
They go on to produce more fission.
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They are turned into protons.
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They help convert the uranium into lead.
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Box 10.6 describes moderators. What is the function of a moderator in a conventional fission reactor?
It holds the nuclear fuel.
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It reduces the intensity of the nuclear reaction.
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It slows down fast neutrons.
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Section 10.4 also describes the breeding of plutonium 239 from uranium 238. What intermediate element is produced in this process?
Protactinium 234
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Americium 241
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Neptunium 239
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Thorium 234
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Section 10.6 describes different types of thermal fission reactors. Which type matches the following description: The reactor is cooled by carbon dioxide which is then pumped through a boiler to raise steam to drive turbines.
Pressurized water reactor
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Advanced gas-cooled reactor
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Boiling water reactor
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CANDU reactor
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Which type of reactor uses heavy water as a moderator and coolant?
Pressurized water reactor
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Advanced gas-cooled reactor
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Boiling water reactor
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CANDU reactor
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The nuclear fuel cycle is described in Section 10.7. Fission reactors require uranium 235. Why can't this simply be separated from uranium 238 chemically?
Uranium is completely chemically unreactive.
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Uranium 235 and 238 are both the same chemical element.
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Any chemical process would be far too dangerous.
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What is the main constituent of spent fuel from a pressurized water reactor?
Plutonium
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Uranium 238
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Fission products
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Fast neutron reactors are described in Section 10.8. What is the key difference between these and conventional thermal fission reactors?
A fast neutron reactor can run on unenriched uranium.
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A fast neutron reactor doesn't need a moderator but needs highly enriched fuel.
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A fast neutron reactor needs an extra large moderator.
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